Ganga River System
Ganga TributariesYamuna, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, Son, Tons & PunpunGhaghara TributariesSarda & RaktiKosi TributariesArun, Tamur & Sun KoshiYamuna TributariesChambal, Sind, Betwa & KenChambal TributariesKali Sindh, Parvati & Banas
River Ganga
- Origin → As Bhagirathi from Gangotri Glacier (Uttarkashi – Uttarakhand)
- Alakananda unites with Bhagirathi at Devprayag, Uttarakhand → Henceforth known as Ganga
- Passing through Rishikesh, it debounches in plains of Haridwar
- From Haridwar, it flows Southward to reach Allahabad where it joins Yamuna
- Near Rajmahal Hills, it turns southeast & bifurcate at Farraka into Hoogly (Kolkata) & Padma (BD)
- At Bangladesh, Ganga merges with Brahmputra (Known as Jamuna in Bangladesh) at Goalundo Ghats
- Mixture is known as Padma River
- Then it merges with Meghna & finally falls in Bay of Bengal
- Meghna → Known as Barack river in India
- Major tributaries → Yamuna, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, Son, Tons & Punpun
Major Tributaries of Ganga River System
- GhagharaOrigin →Bharchachungar Glacier (Rakas lake) near Mansarovar
- Joins Ganga at Chhapra
- Known as Manchu or Karnali in Nepal
- Known as Saryu or Ghaghra in UP
- Perennial river
- Major tributaries →Sarda & Rakti
- GandakOrigin → Sino – Nepal Boundary (Dhaulagiri range)
- Known as Kalyani in Nepal
- Major River of Nepal
- Joins Ganga at Sonpur, Bihar
- KosiOrigin → Gosainath peak (Tibet)
- Merges with river Ganga at Bhagalpur (Bihar)
- Consists of 7 streams & known as Saptakoshi in Nepal
- Main stream → Arun, Tamur & Sun Koshi
- Formerly Known as Sorrow of Bihar
- Major Projects → Kusha Dam
- SonOrigin → Amarkantak Plateau (Near north of origin of Narmada)
- Flows through Kaimur Range to meet Ganga at Patna
- GomtiOriginates from Gomat Taal / Fulhaar jheel – Pilibhit
- A tributary of Ganga
- YamunaOrigin → Yamunotri Glacier (Uttarkashi – Uttarakhand)
- Largest Tributary of Ganga
- After cutting deep gorge across Shivalik, it enters into plains near Tajewala
- Flows southward up to Agra & then turns southeast to meet Ganga at Allahabad
- Famous tributaries →Chambal, Sind, Betwa & Ken
- BetwaMajor Tributaries →Tributary of Yamuna, rises from Vindhya range, MP
- Major Projects → Matatila dam & Rajghat dam
- Ken Rises from Kaimur hills in Satna (Madhya Pradesh), a tributary of Yamuna
- Famous for its Shajar stone & Raneh waterfalls
- ChambalOrigin → Vindhya Range (Mhow, MP)
- Passes through Kota & Dhaulpur (Rajasthan)
- Merge with Yamuna at Etawah (UP)
- forms boundary between Rajasthan & MP
- Major tributaries →Kali Sindh, Parvati & Banas
- Main Power Projects → Gandhisagar, Rana Pratap Sagar & Jawahar Sagar
- Banas Originate from eastern slopes of Aravali
- Tributary of Chambal
- Damodar Origin → Eastern part of Chhota Nagpur Plateu
- Meets Hoogli at Falta
- Power Projects →Talaiya, Maithan, Barakar & Panchet