°C ,Microstructures ,Mechanical Properties of Engineering Materials,Characteristics of alloying elements ,Applications and Processing of Metals and Alloys -Types of metals and alloys 1. Ferrous materials ,Cast irons ,Stress - Strain Curve ,Hooke’s Law ,Testing of Engineering Materials ,Tensile Test ,SHEAR TEST,HARDNESS TEST UNIT-2 Methods of Measurement , Precision & Accuracy of Measurement ,Factors affecting the accuracy of measuring system,Errors in Measurement ,Types of Errors ,Causes of Errors ,Slip Gauges,INDIAN STANDARD ON SLIP GAUGES (IS 2984-1966) ,Sine Bars,Advantages of Sine Bars,Disadvantages Of Sine Bars, Metal Casting & its Advantages,Pattern,Pattern Material,Lathe & its Types,Basic Lathe Operation UNIT-3 Fluids ,Fluid properties, pressure, density and viscosity; pressure variation with depth, static and kinetic energy; Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible fluids, viscous and turbulent flow, working principle of fluid coupling, pumps, compressors, turbines, positive displacement machines and pneumatic machines. Hydraulic power & pumped storage plants for peak load management as compared to base load plants. UNIT-4 Thermodynamics: First and second law of thermodynamics; steam properties, steam processes at constant pressure, volume, enthalpy & entropy, classification and working of Boilers, efficiency & performance analysis, natural and induced draught, calculation of chimney height. Refrigeration, vapour absorption & compression cycles, coefficient of perform (COP), refrigerant properties & eco friendly refrigerants. UNIT-5 Reciprocating Machines: Steam engines, hypothetical and actual indicator diagram; Carnot cycle and ideal efficiency; Otto and diesel cycles; working of two stroke & four stroke petrol & diesel IC engines